The many forms of sacred shade-givers of Goa

TREES OF WISDOM AND SHADE

Ficus trees have long been revered in Goa. They've acquired cultural significance for their benevolent nature and the tranquil shade they offer.

THE TIMELESS BANYAN

Ficus benghalensis, the banyan tree, is deeply rooted in Indian culture. It is worshipped during many festivals. Places like Vadamol and Vadakaden in Goa are associated with the banyan tree.

THE BODHI TREE

Ficus religiosa, the peepal tree, is considered the most sacred tree and is often found near temples in Goa. Gautama Buddha is believed to have attained enlightenment under the shade of this tree, earning it the title of the Bodhi tree.

THE ROCKY FIG

Ficus arnottiana, the Indian Rock Fig, is commonly mistaken for the peepal due to its similar leaves — but it has distinct wavy margins. This species grows in dry deciduous forests and on rocky slopes.

THE SACRED CLUSTER FIG

Known for its figs which grow directly on the trunk, Ficus racemosa (rumad) is commonly seen near temples and riverbanks in Goa and is valued in traditional medicine.

KUSAR BY THE SACRED LAKE

A lesser-known forest tree, Ficus nervosa is locally known as kusar. An old and iconic specimen stands near a sacred lake in Vante village. This tree thrives in Goa’s moist forests.

THE HAIRY FIG OF THE FOREST

The Hairy Fig, or Ficus hispida, has rough hairy leaves and trunk-borne figs that attract birds and insects, and it's also used in indigenous medicine.

THE GENEROUS SHADE-GIVER

Ficus microcarpa, the nandruk tree is common among ficus trees, and is mainly planted for its cool shade. It grows large and produces a great number of prop roots.

THE EPIPHYTIC GUARDIAN

Ficus tsjahela is a deciduous tree often found growing as an epiphyte. Locally known as kel, it is worshipped as Kaleshwar in Sal village of Bicholim.

BRAMHA’S BANYAN

Ficus exasperata – Bramha's banyan or kharvat – is a deciduous ficus with rough leaves. The fruits of this ficus are a favorite of frugivorous birds like hornbills.

NEXT: When in Goa, take a walk on the quiet side